Immunization of Chickens for the Control of Infectious Bursal Disease

Passive immunization using purified IgYs against infectious bursal disease of chickens in Pakistan

Infectious bursal disease (IBD) is an acute and highly contagious disease of young chickens caused by Birnavirus. Mortality of infected birds can be best prevented if injected with antibodies. The present study was an attempt to raise specific hyper-immune polyclonal antibodies against IBD virus in Pakistan. Commercial layers divided into four groups were injected with IBD vaccine subcutaneousl...

control of the optical properties of nanoparticles by laser fields

در این پایان نامه، درهمتنیدگی بین یک سیستم نقطه کوانتومی دوگانه(مولکول نقطه کوانتومی) و میدان مورد مطالعه قرار گرفته است. از آنتروپی ون نیومن به عنوان ابزاری برای بررسی درهمتنیدگی بین اتم و میدان استفاده شده و تاثیر پارامترهای مختلف، نظیر تونل زنی(که توسط تغییر ولتاژ ایجاد می شود)، شدت میدان و نسبت دو گسیل خودبخودی بر رفتار درجه درهمتنیدگی سیستم بررسی شده اشت.با تغییر هر یک از این پارامترها، در...

Synbiotic enhances immune responses against infectious bronchitis, infectious bursal disease, Newcastle disease and avian influenza in broiler chickens

Increased susceptibility of birds to avian pathogens in intensive husbandry system has emphasized on necessity of improvement of innate and specific immune responses of birds by the fast establishment of a beneficial microflora and immune stimulator factors to guarantee healthy and low-price products. During this study, 192 one-day-old broiler chicks (Ross-380) in four groups with three replica...

study of cohesive devices in the textbook of english for the students of apsychology by rastegarpour

this study investigates the cohesive devices used in the textbook of english for the students of psychology. the research questions and hypotheses in the present study are based on what frequency and distribution of grammatical and lexical cohesive devices are. then, to answer the questions all grammatical and lexical cohesive devices in reading comprehension passages from 6 units of 21units th...

Characterization of a Highly Virulent Infectious Bursal Disease Virus